通过对河西走廊地区玉米杂交种的性状进行分析，为提高玉米种质资源创新利用的准确性，科学配置玉米亲本，进而提高选育良种的效率，采用聚类分析、灰色关联度分析、隶属函数等方法综合分析河西走廊地区20份玉米杂交种材料的抗病性、产量及产量相关性状。结果表明，茎腐病是河西走廊地区玉米杂交种的主要病害，自然发病率为0～90.0%，以贰9706-121×先38的发病率最高。产量相关性状对玉米产量的贡献率从大到小依次为穗粗、百粒重、穗行数、穗长、出籽率、行粒数、秃尖长、倒伏倒折率。通过聚类分析将20份玉米杂交种材料分为3大类，第Ⅰ类包括3358×P74、1256×1CPSBC、1256×17PS、德美亚3号(主对照品种)、3358×J216、3358×酒BGB35、先38×J4CV3、3358×J4CV2BC、酒714×723、658BC0×723、贰9706-121×723等11份杂交种材料，属中产类型；第Ⅱ类包括91M9×先38、贰9706-121×先38、贰9706-121×F20、华庆105♀×3358、XD6CR×贰9706-121、J765×723、3358×1CPSBC3、J765×酒714等8份杂交种材料，属低产类型；第Ⅲ类仅有和育187(副对照品种)属丰产类型。利用隶属函数综合评价玉米产量及主要性状，各玉米杂交种材料的D值范围为0.265～0.693，其中和育187(副对照品种)、3358×J4CV2BC、658BC0×723、酒714×723这4个杂交种材料的D值高且综合表现较好，可继续进行试验研究，发掘其育种潜力。

By analyzing the traits of maize hybrids in the Hexi Corridor region, this study aims to enhance the accuracy of innovative utilization of maize germplasm resources, scientifically match parental lines, and thereby improve the efficiency of elite variety breeding. 20 maize hybrids were comprehensively analyzed for disease resistance, yield, and yield-related traits using methods including cluster analysis, grey relational analysis, and membership function evaluation. Results showed that stem rot was the primary disease affecting maize hybrids in the Hexi Corridor, with natural incidence rates ranging from 0% to 90.0%, and the highest incidence observed in the hybrid Er9706-121×Xian38. The contribution of yield-related traits to maize yield, in descending order, was ear diameter, hundred-kernel weight, number of kernel rows per ear, kernel setting rate, number of kernels per row, barren tip length, and lodging rate. Cluster analysis categorized the 20 hybrids into 3 groups. Group I included 11 medium-yield hybrids such as 3358×P74, 1256×1CPSBC, 1256×17PS, Demeiya3 (the main control variety), 3358×J216, 3358×JiuBGB35, Xian38×J4CV3, 3358×J4CV2BC, Jiu714×723, 658BC0×723, and Er9706-121×723. Group II included 8 low-yield hybrids such as 91M9×Xian38, Er9706-121×Xian38, Er9706-121×F20, Huaqing105♀×3358, XD6CR×Er9706-121, J765×723, 3358×1CPSBC3, and J765×Jiu714. Group III included only Heyu187(the second control variety), characterized as high-yielding. The membership function was used for comprehensive evaluation of maize yield and key traits. The D-values of the hybrids ranged from 0.265 to 0.693, with Heyu187(the second control variety), 3358×J4CV2BC, 658BC0×723, and Jiu714×723 exhibiting higher D-values and overall superior performance, indicating potential for further breeding trials.

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酒泉市科技支撑计划项目A类(2024CA1070)；甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR5RF1079)。