涝害是中国频发的自然灾害之一，通过低氧胁迫、能量短缺和过氧化物毒害等方式抑制植物的生长发育，严重影响苹果(Malus domestica)的产量和品质，造成一定的经济损失。为提高苹果在水涝胁迫下的抗性，本文阐述了苹果对水涝胁迫的响应，分析了苹果在此过程中的适应机制，讨论了提高苹果耐涝渍性的遗传机制，总结了苹果水涝灾害的防御和补救措施，展望了关于苹果抵抗水涝危害的研究方向，以期为深入研究苹果抗水涝胁迫机制和培育抗水涝苹果提供理论指导。

Waterlogging is one of the frequent natural disasters in China, which inhibits plant growth and development through hypoxic stress, energy shortage, and peroxide toxicity, and severely affects the yield and quality of apples (Malus domestica), causing certain economic losses. In order to improve the resistance of apple to waterlogging, this paper describes the response of apple to waterlogging stress, analyses the adaptive mechanism of apple in this process, discusses the genetic mechanism of improving waterlogging resistance in apple, summarizes the defensive and remedial measures of apple waterlogging disaster, and looks forward to the direction of the research on the resistance of apple to waterlogging, with a view to providing theoretical guidance for the in-depth study of the mechanism of waterlogging resistance in apple and the cultivation of waterlogging-resistant apples.

S661.1

国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1602107)；国家苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27)。