为提高人工湿地除污能力，探索利用生物炭强化人工湿地除污的可行性，以垂直流人工湿地为研究对象，通过单因素分析对比不添加生物炭系统(CW-1)和添加生物炭系统(CW-2)的垂直流人工湿地出水净化效果、微生物活性(基质酶活性、生物量、生物膜)大小，探究生物炭对垂直流人工湿地污水系统中总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH4+-N)、总磷(TP)及化学需氧量(COD)去除效果的影响，分析生物炭对垂直流湿地基质中酶活性、生物量和生物膜量的影响。结果表明，通过添加生物炭，TN、NH4+-N、TP、COD的平均去除率分别提高3.0、1.1、2.7、0.1百分点，添加生物炭湿地(CW-2)的去除率高于未添加生物炭湿地(CW-1)；生物炭添加促使湿地基质中磷酸酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性和生物量增加，对0~10 cm基质层中酶活性的促进作用尤其显著，0~10 cm基质层酶活性和生物量含量显著(P ＜ 0.05)高于其他2层(10~20 cm和20~30 cm)。结果证明，在人工湿地中添加生物炭可以提高氮、磷、化学需氧量的去除效果，并可显著提高0~10 cm基质层中酶活性和生物量水平，从基质酶和生物量角度看，添加生物炭有助于提高人工湿地长效除污潜力，但生物炭的添加也增加了20~30 cm层的生物堵塞风险。

In order to improve the water quality using constructed wetland and explore the use of biochar strengthening constructed wetland decontamination feasibility， the vertical flow constructed wetland were taken as the research object in this experiment.Through the single factor analysis， the decontamination， substrate enzyme activity and biomass between the no addition biochar system (CW-1) and the addition biochar system (CW-2) were compared. The effects of biochar on the removal effect of total nitrogen (TN)， ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N)， total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand(COD) in the sewage system of vertical flow constructed wetlandwere explored， and the effects of biochar on the enzyme activity， biomass and biofilm quantity in the vertical flow wetland were analyzed. The results showed that by adding biochar， the average removal rates of TN，NH4+-N， TP and COD increased by 3.0%、 1.1%、 2.7% and 0.1%， respectively. The removal rate of CW-2 wetland was slightly higher than that of CW-1 wetland. Biochar supplementation increased the activities and biomass of phosphatase，urease and catalase in substrate，especially in 0-10 cm substrate layer， and the activities and biomass contents in 0-10 cm substrate layer were significantly higher than those in other two layers (10~20 cm and 20~30 cm)(P < 0.05). The results showed that adding biochar to constructed wetland could improve the removal efficiency of nitrogen， phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand， and significantly increase the enzyme activity and biomass in 0-10 cm substrate layer. From the perspective of substrate enzyme and biomass， adding biochar could improve the long-term sewage removal potential of constructed wetland.However， the addition of biochar also increased the risk of biological blockage in 20~30 cm layer.

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贵州省普通高等学校科技拔尖人才支持计划项目(黔教合KY〔2016〕097)；贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合LH字[2016]7283)；博士启动基金(asubsjj201607)。