试验观察了8种除草剂不同剂量土壤封闭处理和茎叶处理对大豆田间杂草的防除效果和安全性。结果表明，高剂量处理下杂草防除效果最好，但使大豆出苗率严重降低，叶片出现药害现象。土壤封闭处理中，播前土壤处理出苗率低于播后苗前土壤处理。综合分析，茎叶类除草剂以10.8%精喹禾灵乳油除草效果最好，21 d株防效高达87.63%，鲜重防效为81.37%，推荐剂量为750 mL/hm2；播后苗前土壤处理时，960 g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油中剂量和330 g/L二甲戊灵乳油的低剂量效果好，出苗率分别为97.07%和97.33%，21 d株防效分别为90.47%和90.68%，鲜重防效分别为91.36%和90.90%，推荐剂量分别为1 950 mL/hm2和3 000 mL/hm2。

The effects and safety of eight herbicides with different doses of in soil sealing and stem-leaf treatments on weed control in soybean field were analyzed. The results showed that the high-dose weed control effect of the eight herbicides was the best, but the emergence rate of soybeans was severely reduced after use， and the leaves showed drug damage. In the soil sealing treatment， the emergence rate was lower of the soil spray treatment before sowing than that of the soil spray treatment after sowing and before emergence. Through comprehensive analysis， the weed control effect of 10.8% Quizalofop-P-ethyl emulsifiable concentrates in stem-leaf herbicides was the best. The plant control effect was 87.63% after using herbicides 21 days， the control effect of fresh weight was 81.37%， and the recommended dose was 750 mL/hm2. The medium dose of 960 g/L S-metolachlor emulsifiable oncentrates and low-dose of 330 g/L pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrates were well of weed control in the soil spray treatment after sowing and before emergence. The emergence rates were 97.07% and 97.33%， respectively. The plant control effects were 90.47% and 90.68%， the fresh weight control effects were 91.36% and 90.90% after using herbicides 21 days, and the recommended doses were 1 950 mL/hm2 and 3 000 mL/hm2， respectively.

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国家重点研发计划子课题(2016YFD0100201-12)；甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化项目(现代生物育种)(2019GAAS07)；甘肃省科技重大专项(18ZD2NA008)；中央引导地方科技发展专项。